![]() The storms present themselves in bands whirling around the orbital plane of the planet.Jupiter does not have seasons like the Earth as the orbital inclination of the pole is about three degrees so only varies a little throughout the 11.9 year orbit.Although Jupiter is a long way away it’s clouds are very reflective. However, when Venus is in crescent it is possible that Jupiter will outshine it. The brighter objects are the Moon and Venus. In our night skies, Jupiter is the third brightest object to be seen.Planets closer to the Sun can often be seen as crescents, but planets further from the Sun will always be seen as disks. As Jupiter is always outside the Earth it is always observed as a disk.Ultra HD imagery from the Hubble Space Telescope revealed details never before seen on Jupiter. ![]() It is possible that there is no surface and that an object sinking through the atmosphere would just become more and more compressed the lower it went. As it is not possible to see through the clouds the presence of a surface cannot be determined. Little is known about the internal composition of the planet, but it is speculated that it has a small, very dense rock and ice core that is encompassed by dense metallic hydrogen.The storms last very long periods of time as there is no landmass to disperse them. These clouds are active in a very violent storm system. The apparent surface of the planet if formed of gaseous clouds.In this respect, it is very similar to the Sun with a mass proportion of around four hydrogen to one helium. Jupiter is a Gas Giant, with its atmosphere being mainly composed of hydrogen and helium.Jupiter is so big that it contains more matter than all of the other planets combined. It is the largest of the Gas Giants which makes it the biggest planet in the Solar System. Jupiter has an equatorial radius of about 44,000 miles compared to the Earth’s of just under 4,000 miles, making it 11 times larger than the Earth.A Jovian year is 11.9 Earth years, but the Jovian day is just 9 hours 55 minutes.It is 5.2 Astronomical Units away from the Sun, or 5.2 times further away from the Sun than the Earth. Jupiter is the fifth planet in our Solar System counting out from the Sun, with an average orbital distance of 778,340,821 kilometers.Its moons were discovered by Galileo, in 1610, observed through a refracting telescope. Jupiter was reputedly discovered by the Babylonians approximately 2,800 years ago. The Jovian system encompasses Jupiter, its rings and moons. Sorry, the comment form is closed at this time.Artist impression of water vapor plumes on Jupiter’s moon Europa. Most of Io’s surface is characterized by extensive plains coated with sulfur and sulfur dioxide frost. Unlike most satellites in the outer Solar System, which are mostly composed of water-ice, Io is primarily composed of silicate rock surrounding a molten iron or iron sulfide core. Some of these peaks are taller than Earth’s Mount Everest. Io’s surface is dotted with, besides volcanoes and lava flows, more than 100 mountains. Ions escaping from this torus inflate Jupiter’s magnetosphere to over twice the size we would expect. Io’s volcanic ejecta also produce a large doughnut-shaped cloud of intense radiation referred to as a plasma torus. The materials produced by this volcanism provide material for Io’s extremely thin, patchy atmosphere. Numerous extensive lava flows, several more than 500 km in length, also mark the surface. Recent analysis of data reveals a subsurface ocean of molten or partially molten magma beneath the surface. A global magma ocean lying beneath about 30 to 50 km of Io’s crust helps explain the moon’s activity. Io’s volcanoes, distributed all over its surface, are the only known active magma volcanoes in the solar system other than those on Earth. Several volcanoes produce plumes of sulfur and sulfur dioxide (SO2) that climb as high as 500 km above the surface. This extreme geologic activity is the result of tidal heating from friction generated within Io’s interior as it is pulled between Jupiter and the other Galilean satellites-Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. With over 400 active volcanoes, Io is the most geologically active object in the Solar System. It has no water to speak of and no magnetic field. ![]() It has a young surface with no obvious impact craters. Io is the innermost of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter and, with a diameter of 3,642 kilometers, the fourth-largest moon in the Solar System. Image Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
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